The "'COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere ( CIRA ) "'is an empirical model of the atmosphere of Earth.
22.
Large-scale empirical models of this type, including the Wharton model, are still in use, especially for forecasting purposes.
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Empirical models based on nonlinear regression are usually preferred over the use of some transformation of the data that linearizes the dose-response relationship.
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Because of the poor correlation of theoretical models to actual observed traffic flows, transportation planners and highway engineers attempt to forecast traffic flow using empirical models.
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An empirical model operates on a simple semantic principle : the maker observes a close correspondence between the behaviour of the model and that of its referent.
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The generation of economists that followed Keynes synthesized his theory with argued that Keynesian empirical models would not be as stable as models based on microeconomic foundations.
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Creep, a mode of material failure which often requires experimental evidence to construct empirical models of its behavior, is often represented by a deformation mechanism map.
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It has been developed as an empirical model, making use of existing published data of gross GHG emissions from previous assessments on 169 reservoirs around the world.
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These losses are summed and then added to the predicted line of sight path loss which is calculated using Friis transmission equation or a similar theoretical or empirical model.
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Under this approach the banks are allowed to develop their own empirical model to estimate the PD ( probability of default ) for individual clients or groups of clients.
