| 21. | The enolate intermediate discussed earlier is stabilized by residues additional hydrogen bonds to Tyr199 and Asn148.
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| 22. | It rather promotes conjugate addition by binding to the zwitterionic enolate, and stabilizing these intermediates.
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| 23. | Z must be powerful enough to facilitate deprotonation to the enolate ion even with a mild base.
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| 24. | Crossed Claisen condensations, in which the enolate and nucleophile are different esters, are also possible.
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| 25. | The trimethylsilyl enol ethers can also be used as masked enolate equivalents in the Mukaiyama aldol addition.
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| 26. | In the scheme shown, the enol or enolate of a methyl ketone reacts with an aldehyde.
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| 27. | Competing work with lithium enolate aldol reactions was published also in 1973 by Herbert O . House.
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| 28. | The enolate anion exhibits significant delocalization, and the highest electron density is on the second carbon.
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| 29. | Because carbonyl compounds are only weakly acidic, a strong base is needed for enolate ion formation.
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| 30. | In this reaction the rate-limiting step is formation of the enolate by deprotonation of the ketone.
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