The issue is that I can see a forward reaction from the epoxide to a diol, but it's comparatively harder to get from the diol to the epoxide under basic conditions.
22.
In the case of Glucose-> Glucose-6-phosphate, the hydrolysis of ATP provides a very favorable impetus for the forward reaction, which is why it is considered " irreversible ".
23.
The first step in the forward reaction is the transfer of a phosphoryl group from the enzyme to glucose 1-phosphate, forming glucose 1, 6-bisphosphate and leaving a dephosphorylated form of the enzyme.
24.
Pressure is the obvious choice to favor the forward reaction because there are 4 moles of reactant for every 2 moles of product ( see entropy ), and the pressure used ( ) alters the equilibrium concentrations to give a profitable yield.
25.
For the schematic mechanism of two elementary steps above, rate constants are defined as k 1 for the forward reaction rate of the first step, k-1 for the reverse reaction rate of the first step, and k 2 for the forward reaction rate of the second step.
26.
For the schematic mechanism of two elementary steps above, rate constants are defined as k 1 for the forward reaction rate of the first step, k-1 for the reverse reaction rate of the first step, and k 2 for the forward reaction rate of the second step.
27.
Because both amine and carbonyl group are isolated in a cavity, hemiaminal formation is favored due to a high forward reaction rate comparable to an intramolecular reaction and also due to restricted access of external base ( another amine ) to the same cavity which would favor elimination of water to the imine.
