| 21. | These buried faults, which cause vertical ground motion, lurk within the crust, unseen and unpredictable.
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| 22. | MAGNITUDE : 7.5 on the open-ended Richter scale, which records ground motion on a seismograph.
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| 23. | Its size was measured as 7 . 8 on the Richter scale of ground motion.
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| 24. | For transient input ( such as seismic ground motion ), the peak response is reported.
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| 25. | Modern cities built on soft sediments are especially vulnerable to damage caused by amplified ground motions.
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| 26. | A quake's magnitude is a measure of the total energy released as indicated by ground motion.
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| 27. | A quake's magnitude measures the energy released as measured by ground motion recorded on a seismograph.
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| 28. | For modern earthquakes, moment is usually estimated from ground motion recordings of earthquakes known as seismograms.
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| 29. | Nonlinear static procedures use equivalent SDOF structural models and represent seismic ground motion with response spectra.
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| 30. | The scales of earthquake magnitude, which measure earthquake size calculated from ground motion recorded on seismographs:
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