The SMS concept was developed in the Franco-German GSM cooperation in 1984 by Friedhelm Hillebrand and Bernard Ghillebaert.[6] The innovation in SMS is Short. The GSM is optimized for telephony, since this was identified as its main application. The key idea for SMS was to use this telephony-optimized system, and to transport messages on the signaling paths needed to control the telephony traffic during time periods when no signaling traffic existed. In this way, unused resources in the system could be used to transport messages at minimal cost. However, it was necessary to limit the length of the messages to 128 bytes (later improved to 140 bytes, or 160 seven-bit characters) so that the messages could fit into the existing signaling formats.This concept allowed SMS to be implemented in every mobile station by updating its software. This concept was instrumental for the implementation of SMS in every mobile station ever produced and in every network from early days. Hence, a large base of SMS capable terminals and networks existed when the users began to utilize the SMS.[7] A new network element required was a specialized short message service center, and enhancements were required to the radio capacity and network transport infrastructure to accommodate growing SMS traffic. 17 फ़रवरी 2009 को GSM एसोसिएशन ने घोषणा करी कि वे मोबाइल फोन के लिए एक मानक चार्जर पर सहमत हुए हैं. 17 निर्माता जिसमें नोकिया सैमसंग और मोटोरोला शामिल थे उनके द्वारा अपनाया जाने वाला मानक चार्जर माइक्रो USB संबंधक होना चाहिए (कई मीडिया रिपोर्टों ने ग़लती से इसे मिनी-USB बताया).नए चार्जर मौजूदा चार्जरों से अधिक योग्य होंगे. सभी फोनों के लिए एक मानक चार्जर होने का मतलब है कि निर्माताओं को अब हर नए फ़ोन के लिए एक चार्जर की आपूर्ति नहीं करनी पड़ेगी.
22.
The 19th century saw underarm bowling replaced by first roundarm and then overarm bowling. Both developments were controversial. Organisation of the game at county level led to the creation of the county clubs, starting with Sussex CCC in 1839, which ultimately formed the official County Championship in 1890. Meanwhile, the British Empire had been instrumental in spreading the game overseas and by the middle of the 19th century it had become well established in India, North America, the Caribbean, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In 1844, the first international cricket match took place between the United States and Canada (although neither has ever been ranked as a Test-playing nation).In 1859, a team of England players went on the first overseas tour (to North America) and in 1862, an English team made the first tour of Australia. In 1876-77, an England team took part in the first-ever Test match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground against Australia. 19 वीं सदी में अंडर आर्म गेंदबाजी (underarm bowling) पहले राउंड आर्म गेंदबाजी (roundarm)में बदल गई और फ़िर ओवर आर्म गेंदबाजी (overarm bowling)में बदल गई.दोनों विकास विवादास्पद थे.काउंटी स्तर पर खेल के संगठन से काउंटी क्लबों का निर्माण शुरू हुआ. इसकी शुरुआत १८३९ में ससेक्स सी सी सी (Sussex CCC)से हुईजिसने अंत में १८९० में आधिकारिक गठन काउंटी चैम्पियनशिप (County Championship) बनाया.इस बीच ब्रिटिश साम्राज्य ने इस खेल के प्रसार में बहुत योगदान दिया. 19 वीं सदी के मध्य तक यह अच्छी तरह से भारत उत्तरी अमेरिका कैरिबियाई दक्षिण अफ्रीका ऑस्ट्रेलिया और न्यूजीलैंड में स्थापित हो गया था.1844 में पहली बार संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका (United States) और कनाडा (Canada) के बीच अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिकेट मैच हुआ. (हालांकि इनमें से किसी भी राष्ट्र को कभी भी टेस्ट खेलने वाले राष्ट्र के रूप में रेंक नहीं किया गया.)
23.
The idea of adding text messaging to the services of mobile users was latent in many communities of mobile communication services at the beginning of the 1980s. The first action plan of the CEPT Group GSM, approved in December 1982, requested “”The services and facilities offered in the public switched telephone networks and public data networks... should be available in the mobile system“”.[4] This target includes the exchange of text messages either directly between mobile stations, or transmitted via Message Handling Systems widely in use since the beginning of the 1980s.[5]The SMS concept was developed in the Franco-German GSM cooperation in 1984 by Friedhelm Hillebrand and Bernard Ghillebaert.[6] The innovation in SMS is Short. The GSM is optimized for telephony, since this was identified as its main application. The key idea for SMS was to use this telephony-optimized system, and to transport messages on the signaling paths needed to control the telephony traffic during time periods when no signaling traffic existed. In this way, unused resources in the system could be used to transport messages at minimal cost. However, it was necessary to limit the length of the messages to 128 bytes (later improved to 140 bytes, or 160 seven-bit characters) so that the messages could fit into the existing signaling formats.This concept allowed SMS to be implemented in every mobile station by updating its software. This concept was instrumental for the implementation of SMS in every mobile station ever produced and in every network from early days. Hence, a large base of SMS capable terminals and networks existed when the users began to utilize the SMS.[7] A new network element required was a specialized short message service center, and enhancements were required to the radio capacity and network transport infrastructure to accommodate growing SMS traffic. मोबाइल फोन ग्राहकों प्रति 100 निवासि 1997-2007मोबाइल फ़ोन पर सबसे सामान्य प्रयुक्त डाटा अनुप्रयोग है SMS लिखित संदेश जिसमें मोबाइल फोन प्रयोक्ताओं के 74% सक्रिय उपयोगकर्ताओं में से हैं (2007 के अंत में कुल 3.3 बिलियन में से 2.4 बिलियन से अधिक)समस लिखित संदेश का मूल्य 2007 के वार्षिक राजस्व में 100 बिलियन डॉलर से अधिक था और मोबाइल फ़ोन उपयोगकर्ताओं की कुल संख्या के आधार पर संदेश भेजने का व्यापक औसत 2.6 SMS प्रति दिन प्रति व्यक्ति है.(स्रोत इनफोर्मा 2007).UK में 1992 में एक कंप्यूटर से एक मोबाइल फ़ोन को पहला SMS लिखित संदेश भेजा गया था जबकि 1993 में फिनलैंड में पहला व्यक्ति से व्यक्ति को फ़ोन से फ़ोन SMS भेजा गया था.
