| 21. | Where m _ 0 is invariant mass and invariant energy equals E _ 0 =-m _ 0 c ^ 2 > 0.
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| 22. | In such cases, the photons contribute invariant mass to the system, even though they individually have no invariant mass or rest mass.
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| 23. | In such cases, the photons contribute invariant mass to the system, even though they individually have no invariant mass or rest mass.
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| 24. | This causes the invariant mass of a non-isolated system to depend on one's choice of coordinates even in special relativity.
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| 25. | Again, neither the relativistic nor the invariant mass of totally closed ( that is, isolated ) systems changes when new particles are created.
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| 26. | This invariant mass is the same in all relativistic version of the Pythagorean theorem which has a different sign for the space and time dimensions.
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| 27. | Conservation of invariant mass also requires the system to be enclosed so that no heat and radiation ( and thus invariant mass ) can escape.
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| 28. | Conservation of invariant mass also requires the system to be enclosed so that no heat and radiation ( and thus invariant mass ) can escape.
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| 29. | The same is true for massless particles in such system, which add invariant mass and also rest mass to systems, according to their energy.
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| 30. | This is why physicists usually reserve the useful short word " mass " to mean rest mass, or invariant mass, and not relativistic mass.
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