| 21. | Quarks carry not only electric charge, but also charges such as color charge and weak isospin.
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| 22. | Protons and neutrons are therefore viewed as the same particle, but with different isospin quantum number.
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| 23. | There are only strong attractions when the total isospin is 0, which is confirmed by experiment.
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| 24. | The ? baryons have a mass of about, a spin of, and an isospin of.
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| 25. | Other discrete degrees of freedom, like isospin, can expressed similarly to the case of spin above.
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| 26. | Because isospin was modeled on spin, the isospin projections were made to vary in increments of 1.
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| 27. | Because isospin was modeled on spin, the isospin projections were made to vary in increments of 1.
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| 28. | A sterile neutrino would have the same weak hypercharge, weak isospin, and mass as its antiparticle.
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| 29. | Together with weak isospin, they make up the three charges in the Standard Model of particle physics.
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| 30. | Due to Pauli's exclusion principle, quarks of the same flavor must have their isospin aligned.
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