The bank followed the Grameen Bank experimentation with conversion of borrowers from joint liability loans, to individual liability loans, with no drop in repayments.
22.
Another would replace joint liability with proportional liability : Each spouse's tax would be calculated on a married-filing-separately basis, to figure the share each owed.
23.
"Joint liability " for pain and suffering would be ended, effectively blocking disproportionately large claims against defendants who had played minor roles in causing injury.
24.
Although the new rules do not create strict liability _ they instead call for deciding joint liability case by case _ farm workers groups applauded the regulations.
25.
Arguing that most farmers had too little cash to afford share capital, he maintained that the principle of unlimited joint liability was " indispensable in small districts ".
26.
A general principle of joint liability in tort between different contractors that work in a supply chain was also recognised in " Viasystems Ltd v Thermal Transfer Ltd ".
27.
Barbara Goldberg, deputy city attorney for Scottsdale, said that as long as the Legislature is eliminating joint liability for all future cases that it also should remove joint liability.
28.
Some taxpayers are allowed to claim they are " innocent spouses " and thus gain relief from joint liability for tax, interest and penalties that are not their fault.
29.
Barbara Goldberg, deputy city attorney for Scottsdale, said that as long as the Legislature is eliminating joint liability for all future cases that it also should remove joint liability.
30.
Scottsdale, Phoenix and the Salt River Project have argued that the deep-pockets rule _ also called joint liability _ could cause taxpayers and utility rate payers to pay for damages caused by polluting businesses.
