Kessler then asked : " What about those people who have just heard a diagnosis of cancer, or just had a laryngectomy, " the removal of part of the throat.
22.
After a laryngectomy, the esophagus may be used as the initiator ( notated { R } for simple esophageal speech and { . } for tracheo-esophageal speech in VoQS ).
23.
Another option for restoring speech after a laryngectomy is the tracheoesophageal puncture or TEP . In this simple surgical procedure, a small puncture is made between the one-way air valve is inserted.
24.
The voice of a speaker without a larynx sometimes has what appears to be a nasal tone to it, even though the nasal passage is no longer connected in a post-surgery laryngectomy patient.
25.
While this is often employed as a means of entertainment or competition, it can also act as an alternative means of vocalisation for people who have undergone a laryngectomy, with the burp replacing laryngeal phonation.
26.
Gumersindo Rodriguez, president of the Leon association, said groups like his are essential because Spaniards who undergo laryngectomies _ surgical removal of the larynx or voice box _ get absolutely no postoperative aid from the government.
27.
Zeitels proved that, in surgeries he performed on three men with throat cancer who faced the possibility of a laryngectomy, but which Zeitels avoided by using a procedure that didn't cause them any significant loss of function.
28.
For example, some patients with a smoking-caused larynx cancer that was removed by a total laryngectomy will be so desperate for a ` fix'they will improvise a device that holds a cigarette so that they can smoke through their tracheostomy opening.
29.
The effect of the increased resistance ( compared to stoma breathing without HME ) in laryngectomy patients is poorly understood, but HMEs add a variable resistance to the airflow resistance, depending on the flow rate, though the outcomes of studies are not consistent.
30.
The main advantages of a primary puncture are : 1 ) that a second surgery to create the puncture is avoided ( including the related costs and risks ) and : 2 ) that the patient will be able to speak within a few weeks after total laryngectomy.
