| 21. | Buffer gas cooling, resistive cooling, and laser cooling are techniques to remove energy from ions in a Penning trap.
|
| 22. | A laser cooling method, developed by Chu in 1985, works by bombarding atoms from all sides with six lasers.
|
| 23. | Laser cooling in a magneto-optical trap ( MOT ) is typically used to cool atoms down to the microkelvin range.
|
| 24. | Efficient laser cooling occurs when the frequency of the laser beam is tuned to the red sideband i . e.
|
| 25. | He also formed a laboratory there with Alain Aspect, Christophe Salomon, and Jean Dalibard to study laser cooling and trapping.
|
| 26. | Chu's early research focused on atomic physics by developing laser cooling techniques and the magneto-optical trapping of atoms using lasers.
|
| 27. | *" New technique could give super-cool molecules " ( NewScientist . com, Internet, March 3, 2004 ) links laser cooling.
|
| 28. | :See Laser _ cooling # Minimum _ temperature for details on the minimum temperature that can be achieved by laser cooling.
|
| 29. | His group was the first to accomplish laser cooling of a diatomic molecule, achieved in 2010 using strontium monofluoride ( SrF ).
|
| 30. | Chu and his colleagues also have used a laser cooling-like method to manipulate individual molecules _ clusters of atoms _ inside fluids.
|
