The evolution of plants has resulted in increasing levels of complexity, from the earliest algal mats, through bryophytes, lycopods, ferns to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today.
22.
Fossil lycopod megaspores reaching 1 cm in diameter, and surrounded by vegetative tissue, are known ( Lepidocarpon, Achlamydocarpon ); these even germinate into a megagametophyte " in situ ".
23.
Very similar in habit to " Anastatica ", but practically unrelated, are the spore-bearing " Selaginella lepidophylla " ( a lycopod ) and earthstar mushroom family ( Geastraceae ).
24.
The Yixian is characterized by extensive forests, dominated by trees such as ginkgoes, conifers, cycads, and lycopods, horsetails, ferns, and primitive flowering plants, which were rare compared to the others.
25.
The swamp-loving lycopod trees of the Carboniferous, such as " Lepidodendron " and " Sigillaria ", were progressively replaced in the continental interior by the more advanced seed ferns and early conifers.
26.
The Equisetales included the common giant form " Calamites ", with a trunk diameter of 30 to and a height of up to . " Sphenophyllum " was a slender climbing plant with whorls of leaves, which was probably related both to the calamites and the lycopods.
27.
The Equisetales included the common giant form " Calamites ", with a trunk diameter of 30 to 60 cm and a height of up to 20 meters . " Sphenophyllum " was a slender climbing plant with whorls of leaves, which was probably related both to the calamites and the lycopods.
28.
The Library and Heritage Centre contains over 1 million items, including a large lending and reference collection and specialist scientific collections such as the John Raddenberry Fern and Lycopod collection . the local history collection is housed in the Vault " Kim barne thaliyu " on level 3, a dedicated space housing specialist resources for the local history of Geelong and surrounds.
