At such low temperatures, the concept of " temperature " becomes multifaceted since molecular motion cannot be assumed to average out across degrees of freedom.
22.
For example, in water, NMR spectra of hydrogen atoms of water molecules are narrow lines because dipole coupling is averaged due to chaotic molecular motion.
23.
Known as superfluidity, the phenomenon can only happen at temperatures within two-thousandths of a degree of absolute zero, the theoretical point where all molecular motions stop.
24.
During 1857, Clausius contributed to the field of kinetic theory after refining August Kr�nig's very simple gas-kinetic model to include translational, rotational and vibrational molecular motions.
25.
However, microwaves are not efficient at causing the heating effects of low frequency fields that depend on slower molecular motion, such as those caused by ion-drag.
26.
The purpose of energy profiles and surfaces is to provide a qualitative representation of how potential energy varies with molecular motion for a given reaction or process.
27.
This may be an effect of its boiling point being so close to absolute zero, preventing random molecular motion ( thermal energy ) from masking the atomic properties.
28.
In liquids, e . g . a solution of an organic compound, most of these interactions will average out because of the rapid time-averaged molecular motion that occurs.
29.
This resembled the make-or-break design of Bourseul, although Reis used the term " molecular motion " ( " molekulare Bewegung " ) to describe the contact points of his transmitter.
30.
Sound and temperature are " emergent properties " of molecular motion : they don't make sense without matter, and they don't even make sense on the " individual molecule " level.
