As in vivo brain imaging has become more sophisticated, investigations of positive neuroscience phenomena have incorporated functional imaging ( functional magnetic resonance imaging and Positron Emission Tomography ) and structural imaging ( Diffusion MRI, voxel-based morphometry, in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy ).
22.
The huge volume, diversity ( space and ground, visible and near infrared, morphometry, photometry and spectroscopy ) and the high level of precision of measurements needed demand considerable care and effort in the data processing making this a critical part of the mission.
23.
Casanova spent several years as a deputy medical examiner for Washington, D . C ., where he gained experience with the postmortem examination of sudden infant death syndrome and child abuse, which was when he began publishing extensively on postmortem techniques, including neuronal morphometry immunocytochemistry, neurochemistry, and autoradiography.
24.
His laboratory has been using a wide variety of techniques including anatomy ( diffusion Tensor Imaging, Voxel-based Morphometry ), physiology ( Visually Evoked Potentials ), Positron Emission Tomography ( PET ), functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( fMRI ), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ( TMS ) and Psychophsics to study human blindness.
25.
CorTechs's website explains that it is currently bringing to market our next-generation clinical brain morphometry product, NeuroQuant? a device that automatically derives critical quantitative anatomical from brain MRIs and compares them to data from healthy individuals, in rough analogy to the normative information that quantitative reports from blood tests provide about molecular markers.
26.
Perhaps the most profound impact to date of brain morphometry on our understanding of the relationships between brain structure and function has been provided by a series of VBM studies targeted at proficiency in various performances : Licensed taxicab drivers in London were found to exhibit bilaterally increased gray matter volume in the posterior part of the hippocampus, both relative to controls from the general population and to London bus drivers matched for driving experience and stress levels.
27.
While Barney's external morphology looked to the researchers like that of bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs, " X-ray photographs of Barney have provided our most astounding observations, " wrote the authors, Edward C . Theriot and Earle E . Spamer of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, and Arthur E . Bogan of Freshwater Molluscan Research Center, in Sewell, N . J . Barney's skeleton was " clearly hominid both in morphometry and distribution of osteological elements ."
28.
This research used voxel-based morphometry to investigate the development of the cingulate structure in a group children's brains, ranging 2-7 in age, observed to be OCD . This technique enabled researchers to identify a correlation between age and cingulate volume by comparing a group of control patients to a group of children that have been diagnosed with OCD . Children that do not have OCD were found to demonstrate a correlation between age and cingulate volume growth, whereas, children exhibiting traits of OCD did not display a significant correlation between age and cingulate volume.
29.
In addition to FreeSurfer, his major scientific contributions include developing : a ) event related functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) ( with Randy Buckner at Harvard ), b ) an in vivo method to quantify the gray matter thickness of the cerebral cortex using MRI images ( with Bruce Fischl at Harvard ), c ) an analysis platform to combine fMRI with magnetoencephalography ( MEG ), d ) computational morphometry to automatically label brain regions using MRI scans ( with Bruce Fischl at Harvard and Rahul Desikan and Ron Killiany at Boston University ), and e ) MRI-based methodologies to quantify longitudinal change in brain regions ( with Dominic Holland at UCSD ).
