The proportion between the two will change with continued neutron irradiation . 134 Cs also captures neutrons with a cross section of 140 barns, becoming long-lived radioactive 135 Cs.
22.
By contrast, the high LET charged particles produced from neutron irradiation cause many ionizations as they traverse a cell, and so double-strand breaks of the DNA molecule are possible.
23.
One method is by neutron irradiation, where the sample is irradiated with thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor, with an external detector, such as mica, affixed to the grain surface.
24.
Slow-neutron irradiation could convert these isotopes into 185 W and 187 W, which have half-lives of 75 days and 24 hours, respectively, and always undergo beta decay to the corresponding rhenium isotopes.
25.
To determine the number of induced fission events that occurred during neutron irradiation an external detector is attached to the sample and both sample and detector are simultaneously irradiated by thermal neutrons.
26.
The first method is most important for applications, as only neutron irradiation using nuclear reactors allows the production of sizeable amounts of synthetic actinides; however, it is limited to relatively light elements.
27.
Slow-neutron irradiation could convert these isotopes into 191 Os and 193 Os, which have half-lives of 15.4 and 30.11 days, respectively, and always undergo beta decay to 191 Ir and 193 Ir, respectively.
28.
Also, the neutron irradiation of curium generates the higher actinides, such as californium, which increase the neutron dose associated with the used nuclear fuel; this has the potential to pollute the fuel cycle with strong neutron emitters.
29.
Production of 233 U ( through the neutron irradiation of 232 Th ) invariably produces small amounts of 232 U as an impurity, because of parasitic ( n, 2n ) reactions on uranium-233 itself, or on protactinium-233, or on thorium-232:
30.
Of the main classes of reactor with a pressure vessel, the pressurized water reactor is unique in that the pressure vessel suffers significant neutron irradiation ( called fluence ) during operation, and may become brittle over time as a result.
