Nodulation is controlled by a variety of processes, both external ( heat, acidic soils, drought, nitrate ) and internal ( autoregulation of nodulation, ethylene ).
22.
The "'partner choice hypothesis "'proposes that the plant uses prenodulation signals from the rhizobia to decide whether to allow nodulation, and chooses only noncheating rhizobia.
23.
Her group discovered that a flavone ( luteolin ) derived from alfalfa seed extracts is necessary for activation of nodulation genes ( nod ABC ) in " Sinorhizobium meliloti ".
24.
With some species of the Fabaceae family the rhisodermis participates in the recognition and uptake of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobia bacteria-the first stage of nodulation leading to formation of root nodules.
25.
It is found in " Medicago truncatula " in relation with the root nodulation symbiont " Sinorhizobium meliloti " or in seeds of " Sophora viciifolia ".
26.
Supplementation of MM with luteolin, the plant flavone that specifically induces transcription of the " S . meliloti " nodulation genes, stimulated the expression of Smr35B by ~ 4 fold.
27.
TolC outer membrane protein, which is required for proper expression of outer membrane protein genes; the Rhizobium nodulation protein; and the Pseudomonas FusA protein, which is involved in resistance to fusaric acid.
28.
As a result of the nodulation process, after the harvest of the crop there are higher levels of soil nitrate, which can then be used by the next crop, and little to no nitrogen fertilizer is needed.
29.
Projects are currently focused on understanding aspects of " M . pinnata " including root biology, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, domestication genes, grafting, salinity tolerance, and the genetics of the oil production pathways.
30.
Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( VAM ) increases P uptake in plants even in soils low in P . The symbiosis between a leguminous tree, Rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi, increases nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and growth.
