| 21. | Oospores survive only 2 3 years in the soil, so crop rotation may be used.
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| 22. | "P . fragariae " survives in the soil in the form of oospores.
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| 23. | If the sorghum plants are older, the pathogen will often produce oospores in the leaves.
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| 24. | The trigger for preferential formation of chamydospores over oospores can be either large temperature or moisture oscillations.
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| 25. | Only in Mexico and Scandinavia, however, is oospore formation thought to play a role in overwintering.
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| 26. | Deep tillage also reduces the amount of oospores surviving in the soil and therefore the incidence of the disease.
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| 27. | The penetration of an oogonium via an antheridium leads to the formation of a sexual spore or an oospore.
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| 28. | After establishing its haustoria for nutrients, more oospores will begin to form in the cortical cells of the root.
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| 29. | Studies in Sicily have shown optimum time for oospore germination is between the end of February and the middle of March.
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| 30. | Oospores, in general, measure around 20-45 micrometers in diameter and have very thick cellulose cell walls for overwintering.
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