| 21. | After the opencast mine closed, the M1 motorway was constructed over the west of the parish.
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| 22. | It at present owns 105 operating mines, of which 81 are underground and 24 are opencast mines.
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| 23. | A short stretch has now reopened between Thornton and Earlseat to carry coal from the opencast mine.
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| 24. | Opencast mining operated between 1985 and 1995.
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| 25. | In 1981, Wirtgen built the first surface miners for opencast mining and routing operations in hard rock.
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| 26. | Such methods could be very effective in opencast mining, but fire-setting was very dangerous when used in underground workings.
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| 27. | At this time, near the city a coal deposit was discovered and Chadan began its development of opencast mining.
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| 28. | The site narrowly escaped opencast mining, before Dinefwr Borough Council secured its future by purchasing it from British Coal.
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| 29. | The opencast mining moved into the fields to the west of the house and continued into the early 1950s.
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| 30. | The opencast mines for ironstone, the first being the West Yorkshire Iron and Coal Company in the late 1870s.
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