At the end of the ossicular chain, movement of the stapes footplate within the oval window of the cochlea, in turn, generates a pressure field within the cochlear fluids, imparting a pressure differential across the basilar membrane.
22.
The pathway involved in the acoustic reflex is complex and can involve the ossicular chain ( malleus, incus and stapes ), the cochlea ( organ of hearing ), the auditory nerve, brain stem, facial nerve and other components.
23.
The stapedius stiffens the ossicular chain by pulling the stapes ( stirrup ) of the middle ear away from the oval window of the cochlea and the tensor tympani muscle stiffens the ossicular chain by loading the tympanic membrane when it pulls the malleus ( hammer ) in toward the middle ear.
24.
The stapedius stiffens the ossicular chain by pulling the stapes ( stirrup ) of the middle ear away from the oval window of the cochlea and the tensor tympani muscle stiffens the ossicular chain by loading the tympanic membrane when it pulls the malleus ( hammer ) in toward the middle ear.
25.
The vibratory portion of the tympanic membrane ( eardrum ) is many times the surface area of the footplate of the stapes ( the third ossicular bone which attaches to the oval window ); furthermore, the shape of the articulated ossicular chain is like a lever, the long arm being the long process of the malleus, the fulcrum being the body of the incus, and the short arm being the lenticular process of the incus.
26.
The vibratory portion of the tympanic membrane ( eardrum ) is many times the surface area of the footplate of the stapes ( the third ossicular bone which attaches to the oval window ); furthermore, the shape of the articulated ossicular chain is like a lever, the long arm being the long process of the malleus, the fulcrum being the body of the incus, and the short arm being the lenticular process of the incus.
