Diarrhoea accompanied by significant cramping or intestinal cramping alone may benefit from either adding another smooth-muscle agent to the protocol such as dicycloverine, papaverine, or orphenadrine ( which accomplishes several things at once since it is an antihistamine as noted above ).
22.
It was long been known that opium, a sticky mixture of alkaloids ( including codeine, morphine, noscapine, thebaine, and papaverine ) from the opium poppy ( Papaver somniferum ), possessed a narcotic and at the same time mind-altering properties.
23.
"' 1-Benzylisoquinoline "'is a chemical compound, and the structural backbone of many alkaloids with a wide variety of structures, including papaverine, noscapine, codeine, morphine, apomorphine, berberine, protopine, tubocurarine, and sanguinarine.
24.
Isoquinolines are a class of compounds ( benzopyridines ) which are used in medical contexts ( such as the anesthetic dimethisoquin, the antihypertensive debrisoquine, and the vasodilator papaverine ) and in other areas ( such as disinfectant " N "-laurylisoquinolinium bromide ).
25.
Papaverine is also present in combinations of opium alkaloid salts such as papaveretum ( Omnopon, Pantopon ) and others, along with morphine, codeine, and in some cases noscapine and others in a percentage similar to that in opium, or modified for a given application.
26.
It is a good source of vitamin K . However, a study has suggested that excessive consumption of juiced Katuk leaves ( due to its popularity for body weight control in Taiwan in the mid'90s ) can cause lung damage, due to its high concentrations of the alkaloid papaverine.
27.
Such cases may also benefit from a switch to paregoric, laudanum, powdered or granulated opium, or belladonna-and-opium suppositories, as all of the above include many drugs thatwork together and have non-narcotic alkaloids like papaverine and other components like oils, waxes, resins etc . which work elsewhere in the body.
28.
Substituted phenethylamines ( and here I'm using a definition that I think we'd all agree on : tyrosine and phenylalanine ) are starting points in the biosynthesis of the following substances that contain an intact phenethylamine moiety : reticuline, puromycin, capsaicin, emetine, betacyanins ( e . g . betalain ), anhalamine, novobiocin, coumermycin A1, clorobiocin, sinalbin, galantamine, kreysigine, morphine, codeine, turbocurarine, caranine, papaverine and marcarpine.
29.
Smaller labs occasionally are uncovered in the United States and Canada and the final percentage of methaqualone as well as mecloqualone, other chemical relatives, other congeners, and unreacted precursors form a chemical profile which can be used as a fingerprint to identify the likely origin of batches of the drug just as such things as morphine content and its relation to heroin content and presence of codeine, acetylcodeine, noscapine, papaverine, and other opium components form a chemical fingerprint for batches of heroin.
30.
In or shortly after 1851, the drugs which had been discovered and extracted from their plants of origin and refined into pure crystalline salts soluble in water included morphine ( 1804 or late 1803 ), codeine ( 1832 ), narcotine / noscapine ( 1803-1805 ? ), papaverine ( 1814 ), cocaine ( 1855 ), caffeine ( 1819 ), quinine ( 1820 ), atropine ( 1831 ), scopolamine ( aka hyoscine, aka laevo-duboisine ) ( 1833 ? ), hyoscyamine or laevo-atropine ( 1831 ), opium salts mixtures ( c . 1840s ), chloral derivatives ( 1831 et seq . ), ephedrine ( 1836 ? ), nicotine ( 1828 ), and many others of all types, psychoactive and not.
