The similarities can be seen in how both novels are written by exiles, in their thinly veiled attacks on their homeland's current dictator, and in their authors'shared use of'pasquinade / hand-written message'devices to begin both novels.
22.
His principal claim to a place among memorable satirists is as one of the authors of the " Satire M�nipp�e ", the famous pasquinade in the interest of his old pupil, Henry IV, in which the harangue put into the mouth of cardinal de Pelve is usually attributed to him.
23.
The antisemitic and homophobic attack on Arnsztajnowa and others was originally authored by Jerzy Pietrkiewicz and published in the ultra-nationalist and antisemitic periodical " My [ l Narodowa " ( " National Thought " ), but " Prosto z mostu " went beyond the text of the original racist pasquinade in its attempt to disseminate, defend and justify it.
24.
In " Yo, el supremo ", Roa Bastos is also fundamentally concerned with the power ( and the weakness ) of writing itself : its plot revolves around the dictator's efforts to uncover who has been forging his signature on a series of pasquinades discovered around the capital, and his relationship with his secretary, Pati�o, to whom he dictates his thoughts and orders, but whom he never fully trusts.
25.
It excited violent dislike to Ronsard on the part of the Huguenots, who wrote constant pasquinades against him, strove ( by a ridiculous exaggeration of the Dionysiac festival at Arcueil, in which the friends had indulged to celebrate the success of the first French tragedy, Jodelle's " Cleopatre " ) to represent him as a libertine and an atheist, and ( which seems to have annoyed him more than anything else ) set up his follower Du Bartas as his rival.
26.
Gonz�lez Echevarria argues that " Dr . Francia's fear of the pasquinade, his abuse of [ Pati�o, ] his constant worry about writing all stem from the fact that he has found and used the power implicit in language itself . " The Supreme defines power as being able to do through others what we are unable to do ourselves " : language, being separate from what it designates, is the very embodiment of power, for things act and mean through it without ceasing to be themselves.
27.
Aretino prospered, living from hand to mouth as a hanger-on in the literate circle of his patron, sharpening his satirical talents on the gossip of politics and the Papal Curia, and turning the coarse Roman pasquinade into a rapier weapon of satire, until his sixteen ribald " Sonetti Lussuriosi " ( Lust Sonnets ) written to accompany Giulio Romano's exquisitely beautiful but utterly pornographic series of drawings engraved by Marcantonio Raimondi under the title " I Modi " finally caused such outrage that he had to temporarily flee Rome.
28.
The Supreme casts doubt even on the presumption that the declaration is indeed a forgery, or rather suggests that the forgery could itself be forged : " Suppose that I myself am an author of pasquinades . " Moreover, the literary genre is undone by the introduction of footnotes ( which blur the line between fiction and fact ), and the narrative transparency subverted by the fact that the novel asserts its own materiality with interpolations such as " " ( the rest of the sentence burned, illegible ) " " and " " ( edge of the folio burned ) " ".
