By the beginning of World War II, five new divisions had been added : Physical Optics, Chemistry, Metallurgy, Mechanics and Electricity, and Internal Communications.
22.
Less extreme approximations include, the WKB approximation, physical optics, the geometric theory of diffraction, the uniform theory of diffraction, and the physical theory of diffraction.
23.
The first physical optics model of diffraction that relied on the Huygens Fresnel principle was developed in 1803 by his interference experiments with the interference patterns of two closely spaced slits.
24.
In physical optics or wave optics, a "'vector soliton "'is a solitary wave with multiple components coupled together that maintains its shape during propagation.
25.
Subdisciplines include general and physical optics, spectroscopy, quantum optics, optical computing, photonics, optoelectronics, lasers, nonlinear optics, environmental optics, adaptive optics, and space optics.
26.
In 1834 Lloyd furnished the British Association, at its request, with a report on " The Progress and Present State of Physical Optics " ( see Report for 1834 ).
27.
Geometrical optics can be viewed as an approximation of physical optics that applies when the wavelength of the light used is much smaller than the size of the optical elements in the system being modelled.
28.
Cvetkovic develops his idea of abstract space as a dynamic construction never defined, yet firmly built on its groundwork base, but varied in its contingency forms upon the physical optics of various projects.
29.
He received the 1983 Max Born award of the Optical Society of America for his contributions to physical optics, and in particular to holography, synthetic aperture optics, image processing, and speckle theory.
30.
However, as mentioned above, the 10 log intensity convention prevails more generally in physical optics, including fiber optics, so the terminology can become murky between the conventions of digital photographic technology and physics.
