| 21. | Their goal : to transport melted water from the planet's polar caps and across its parched surface.
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| 22. | The polar cap ionosphere is directly linked to the interplanetary magnetic field carried by the solar wind.
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| 23. | The ice layers are probably only 3.4 to 4.2 km in thickness for the north polar cap.
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| 24. | Scientists have long known about Mars'polar caps.
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| 25. | Examples are mountains, hills, polar caps, and valleys, which are found on all of the terrestrial planets.
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| 26. | And the Mariner 9 orbiter in 1971 returned pictures of an atmosphere with clouds and polar caps.
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| 27. | MRO is using its onboard scientific equipment to study the liquid water in the polar caps and underground.
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| 28. | The southern polar cap, which existed at the time of the solstice in 1986, faded away in 1990s.
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| 29. | Researchers have found similar microbes living in other remote places _ polar caps, ocean bottoms and mountain tops.
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| 30. | If the polar caps melt, the sea temperature drops by a degree or so and the slipstream stops.
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