The closest examples in English are consonant clusters such as the [ nd ] in " candy ", but many languages have prenasalized stops that function phonologically as single consonants.
22.
The Bantu languages are famous for their prenasalized stops ( the " nt " in " Bantu " is an example ), but similar sounds occur across Africa and around the world.
23.
Shryock et al . analyze the prenasalized stops as consonant clusters with . varies with, with some speakers using one, some the other, and some either, depending on the word.
24.
Because of the additional difficulty in both articulation and timing, prenasalized fricatives and sonorants are not as common as prenasalized stops or affricates, and the presence of the former implies the latter.
25.
Wukari allows oral vowels in syllables like " ba, mba " and nasal vowels in " b? m?", suggesting that nasals become prenasalized stops before oral vowels.
26.
Note that there is little or no phonetic difference between a " prenasalized stop ", e . g ., and a cluster, e . g ., and similarly for prestopped nasals.
27.
Prestopped nasals, and prenasalized stops, occur when the oral cavity is closed, and the nasal cavity is opened by lowering the velum, but the timing of these two events does not coincide.
28.
The nasal initials, and were used to transcribe Sanskrit nasals in the early Tang, but later they were used for Sanskrit unaspirated voiced initials, suggesting that they had become prenasalized stops in some dialects.
