By lowering pulse frequency by the same increment that the Doppler shift will raise the echo frequency, the bat can maintain the frequency of the echoes around a constant value, within the auditory fovea.
22.
In addition to the conventional " Temperature Scan " DLTS, in which the temperature is swept while pulsing the device at a constant frequency, one can keep the temperature constant and sweep the pulsing frequency.
23.
The magnitude and specificity of these results suggest that the PB is directly involved in the integration of auditory and vocal stimuli, and is involved in neural regulation of call frequency, because manipulations in the area drastically affected pulse frequency.
24.
However, in humans it has been shown that high levels of estradiol can provoke abrupt increases in LH, even when GnRH levels and pulse frequencies are held constant, suggesting that estrogen acts directly on the pituitary to provoke the LH surge.
25.
When neurons of the PB are inhibited via exogenous drug administration ( e . g . using muscimol, the GABAA agonist, or CNQX, an AMPA antagonist ), the pulse frequencies emitted at rest and in flight ( during DSC ) were lowered.
26.
Typical wheel impact pulse frequencies are below 2 kHz . The wave propagation delay time between the p-wave and s-wave over a distance of 1 meter is smaller than half the wavelength of the typical average frequency of the wheel impact impulse.
27.
Progestogen negative feedback decreases the pulse frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) release by the hypothalamus, which decreases the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ) and greatly decreases the secretion of luteinizing hormone ( LH ) by the anterior pituitary.
28.
Progestogen negative feedback decreases the pulse frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) release by the hypothalamus, which decreases the release of follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ) and greatly decreases the release of luteinizing hormone ( LH ) by the anterior pituitary.
29.
Their elevated insulin levels contribute to or cause the abnormalities seen in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis that lead to PCOS . Hyperinsulinemia increases GnRH pulse frequency, LH over FSH dominance, increased ovarian androgen production, The combined effects of hyperinsulinemia contribute to an increased risk of PCOS . Insulin resistance is a common finding among women with a normal weight as well as overweight women.
