| 21. | For example, a beam component was plastically bent to introduce a known residual stress profile.
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| 22. | The hole drilling is currently one of the most widespread methods of measuring the residual stress.
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| 23. | When the material containing residual stress is removed the remaining material reaches a new equilibrium state.
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| 24. | Residual stress evaluation scheme by the Integral method.
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| 25. | The high penetration depth permits measuring residual stresses in bulk components as crankshafts, pistons, rails, gears.
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| 26. | Hot rolled metals generally have little directionality in their mechanical properties and deformation induced residual stresses.
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| 27. | High heat introduces local stresses and residual stresses.
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| 28. | They are used to convert the relieved deformations to the original residual stress in the material.
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| 29. | When the finished weldment cools, some areas cool and contract more than others, leaving residual stresses.
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| 30. | Residual stresses are caused by rapid, unequal cooling as opposed to the stresses caused by external loading.
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