In many invertebrates, these oxygen-carrying proteins are freely soluble in the blood; in vertebrates they are contained in specialized red blood cells, allowing for a higher concentration of respiratory pigments without increasing viscosity or damaging blood filtering organs like the kidneys.
22.
The oxygen consumption of " Octopus vulgaris " increases when in water temperatures between 16-28 �C, reaches a maximum at 28 �C, and then begins to drop at 32 �C . Conversely, a decrease in temperature results in a decrease in respiratory pigment cooperativity and increase in affinity.
