In some marine genera, during the course of normal growth the animal undergoes periodic resting stages where the shell does not increase in overall size, but a greatly thickened and strengthened lip is produced instead.
22.
Importantly in replication the G 1, or restriction, checkpoint makes the determination of whether or not initiation of replication will begin or whether the cell will be placed in a resting stage known as G 0.
23.
"Mutilla europaea " are mainly parasitoids of the resting stage of bumblebees ( " Bombus " spp . ), but occasionally visits honey bee ( " Apis mellifera " ) hives and " Polistes " wasps nests, ovipositing inside the cocoons.
24.
In three-host life cycles, cercariae develop in the second intermediate host into a resting stage, the " metacercaria ", which is usually encysted in a cyst of host and parasite origin, or encapsulated in a layer of tissue derived from the host only.
25.
Such calcareous structures are either dinocysts ( systematized as Calciodinelloideae : ), which are formed during the life cycle ( i . e ., mostly hypnozygotes, after sexual reproduction, or resting stages; an overview of potential cyst formations is given by, ) or found in vegetative stages ( namely in " Thoracosphaera"
26.
While ametabolous insects show very little difference between larval and adult forms ( also known as " direct development " ), both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects have significant morphological and behavioral differences between larval and adult forms, the most significant being the inclusion, in holometabolus organisms, of a pupal or resting stage between the larval and adult forms.
