Nerve cells in the brain die off in Alzheimer's, they note, but not in normal aging, which involves potentially reversible changes in the receptors on brain cells.
22.
The time and costs involved in purifying proteins might be reduced significantly by using smart polymers that undergo rapid reversible changes in response to a change in medium properties.
23.
While this has been shown here for reversible changes, it is valid in general, as can be considered as a thermodynamic state function of the defining state variables and:
24.
Also, in case of a reversible change, the work done can be expressed as \ delta W =-p \ mathrm { d } V ( ignoring electrical and other non-" PV " work)
25.
The nuclear membrane in eukaryotes allows further regulation of transcription factors by the duration of their presence in the nucleus, which is regulated by reversible changes in their structure and by binding of other proteins.
26.
However, since " U ", " S ", and " V " are thermodynamic state functions, the above relation holds also for non-reversible changes in a system of uniform pressure and temperature at constant composition.
27.
If the average power dissipated by a resistor is more than its power rating, damage to the resistor may occur, permanently altering its resistance; this is distinct from the reversible change in resistance due to its temperature coefficient when it warms.
28.
Because the intracellular calcium ion concentration is extremely low ( see above ) the entry of minute quantities of calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum or from the extracellular fluids, cause rapid, very marked, and readily reversible changes in the relative concentration of these ions in the cytosol.
