For example, a stem must contain all high rounded vowels or all low rounded vowels, etc . This restriction is further complicated by ( i ) long high vowels being lowered and ( ii ) an epenthetic vowel which does not harmonize with stem vowels.
22.
The change of original ( pre-Proto-Finnic ) final * e to / i / means that the stem vowel of a word ending in / i / cannot be determined from the nominative alone; one of the inflected forms must be consulted.
23.
The preterit is inflected by using the preterit form of the verb, which for the regular verbs includes the suffix "-ed ", and for the strong verbs either the suffix "-t " or a change in the stem vowel.
24.
Although Manchu does not have the kind of grammatical gender that many Indo-European languages do, some gendered words in Manchu are distinguished by different stem vowels, as in " ama " " father " vs . " eme " " mother ".
25.
In modern formations, it is stems ending in that " preserve " the vowel of the preterite marker; in an earlier day, odd as it might seem, the loss of the stem vowel had taken place already prehistorically whenever the root ended in an apical stop.
26.
Contrasts between PU stem vowels ( * a / * ?vs . * i ) do not survive as such in modern Ugric languages, but they commonly leave their mark on vowel qualities in the first syllable, suggesting retention of the contrast at least to the Proto-Ugric stage.
27.
Moreover, certain notable forms have dropped the final vowel in the 3rd person ( future tense, conditional mood ), however, the forms for other persons are still composed having the stem vowel in mind ( dirbti " to work " ?! dirbs " he will work " ?! dirbs "'i "'me " we will work " ).
28.
Nomadic dialects have a different third-person singular feminine perfective form as in E4J * ,- ( J * , ( / J * and . 0J * and delete the stem vowel in the plural imperfective forms, giving forms such as FE4H', F- ( H', F ( / H' and FH . 0H'.
