While all cartridges in the Whisper family must be capable of accuracy using subsonic loads, most of the smaller caliber cartridges of the family ( . 308 " and under ) are also capable of being loaded to supersonic velocities using relatively lightweight bullets for their caliber, increasing their utility.
22.
LIBS operates by focusing the laser onto a small area at the surface of the specimen; when the laser is discharged it continuum of radiation which does not contain any useful information about the species present, but within a very small timeframe the plasma expands at supersonic velocities and cools.
23.
At muzzle velocity the " s . S . Patrone " had a maximum range of approximately and retained supersonic velocity up to and past ( V 1000 H " Mach 1.07 ) under ICAO Standard Atmosphere conditions at sea level ( air density ? = 1.225 kg / m 3 ).
