The muscles that are affected during anterior jaw dislocation are the masseter and temporalis which pull up on the mandible and the lateral pterygoid which relaxes the mandibular condyle.
22.
Large pterygoid flanges indicate a well-developed KI system in anteosaurs, and increased vertical alignment of the temporalis muscles suggests an expanded SP component of the bite cycle.
23.
The main constraint to opening the jaws is that the temporalis muscle will tear if it is stretched past a critical degree around the glenoid process when the mouth is opened.
24.
This disease is most often in the facial muscles, levator palpebrae superioris, temporalis, sternocleidomastoids, distal muscles of the forearm, hand intrinsic muscles, and ankle dorsiflexors.
25.
Above these lines the bone is covered by the galea aponeurotica ( epicranial aponeurosis ); below them it forms part of the temporal fossa, and affords attachment to the temporalis muscle.
26.
First, the facial muscles are layered onto the cast in the following order : temporalis, masseter, buccinator and occipito-frontals, and finally the soft tissues of the neck.
27.
Between this ridge and the anterior border is a grooved triangular area, the upper part of which gives attachment to the Temporalis, the lower part to some fibers of the Buccinator.
28.
At 21 23 cm and approximately 50 g in weight, the chestnut-crowned babbler is noticeably smaller than the grey-crowned babbler ( " Pomatostomus temporalis " ).
29.
During a seizure the contralateral temporalis muscle can enter spastic paralysis, this clenching in extreme cases can lead to a rupture specifically on the myotendinous insertion at the coronoid process of the mandible.
30.
A possibility is hybridization between the ancestor of " Telmatochromis " and a lineage of " Julidochromis " which later gave rise to " T . temporalis ".
