In both of these cases thermal convection is likely to be the primary energy source, though in the case of the Sun differential rotation may also play an important role.
22.
Thermal radiation is different from thermal convection and thermal conduction a person near a raging bonfire feels radiant heating from the fire, even if the surrounding air is very cold.
23.
:Note that the test you devised is not testing thermal convection alone, but also conduction, radiation ( unless you add dye to the fluid to make it opaque ), and thermal capacity.
24.
Gels suppress the thermal convection caused by application of the electric field, and can also act as a sieving medium, retarding the passage of molecules; gels can also simply serve to maintain the finished separation, so that a post electrophoresis stain can be applied.
25.
Where \ nu is the kinematic viscosity, \ rho'is the density perturbation that provides buoyancy ( for thermal convection \ rho'= \ alpha \ Delta T ), \ Omega is the rotation rate of the Earth, and \ mathbf { J } is the electric current density.
26.
This theory has been explored by Taylor & Ferrari ( 2011 ) using 3D Large eddy simulation ( LES ) turbulence modeling to study how the shutdown of thermal convection ( i . e . convective overturning resulting from cooling of the ocean surface ) can halt upper ocean turbulence and initiate a bloom before the mixed layer shoals to the critical depth.
27.
He has made outstanding theoretical contributions to a wide range of topics, including the stability of pipe flow, thermal convection, circulation of the Southern Ocean, seasonal variability of the ocean, waves in rotating fluids, wind-induced upwelling, coastal currents and sea-level changes and coastally-trapped waves in the atmosphere, and he is particularly effective in the way he is able to interpret observations and guide the activities of observational workers ".
