For the 2-pyridine boronic acid, the zwitterionic compound is responsible for its rapid protodeboronation under neutral pH, through a unimolecular fragmentation of the C-B bond.
22.
For example, kinetic isotope effects can be used to reveal whether a nucleophilic substitution reaction follows a unimolecular ( S N 1 ) or bimolecular ( S N 2 ) pathway.
23.
In order to determine absolute rate constants for radical reactions, unimolecular clock reactions need to be calibrated for each group of radicals such as primary alkyls over a range of time.
24.
Like all chemical reactions, the unimolecular decomposition of ions is subject to thermodynamic versus kinetic reaction control : the kinetic product forms faster, whereas the thermodynamic product is more stable.
25.
The rate of a unimolecular reaction is an average over a vast ensemble of the rate coefficients for the microscopic events of collisional energy transfer and of reaction of a completely isolated molecule.
26.
This reaction type was discovered in 1970 by Bunnett and Kim and the abbreviation S RN 1 stands for "'substitution radical-nucleophilic unimolecular "'as it shares properties with an aliphatic SN1 reaction.
27.
One of the more promising applications of molecular electronics was proposed by the IBM researcher Ari Aviram and the theoretical chemist Mark Ratner in their 1974 and 1988 papers " Molecules for Memory, Logic and Amplification ", ( see Unimolecular rectifier ).
28.
For a general unimolecular reaction involving interconversion of N different species, whose concentrations at time t are denoted by X _ 1 ( t ) through X _ N ( t ), an analytic form for the time-evolution of the species can be found.
29.
Single molecules bonded covalently to gold have been studied by scanning tunneling spectroscopy and some of them are unimolecular rectifiers, studied as single molecules, as shown by the groups of Luping Yu ( University of Chicago ) and Ashwell ( later at Lancaster University, UK ).
30.
ETN has a melting point of 61 �C, compared to PETN which has a melting point of 141.3 �C . Recent studies of ETN decomposition suggested a unimolecular rate-limiting step in which the O-NO2 bond is cleaved and begins the decomposition sequence.
