| 21. | The top of the valence band is higher than the bottom of the conduction band in energy.
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| 22. | This condition is only satisfied in the conduction band, since the valence band is full in non-metals.
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| 23. | The hole is an empty state that allows electrons in the valence band some degree of freedom.
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| 24. | This energy corresponds to roughly the middle of the bandgap of Si, ~ 0.55eV above the valence band.
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| 25. | This is also applicable for electrons in the valence band ( often understood in terms of holes ).
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| 26. | Because the valence band is so nearly full, its electrons are not mobile, and cannot flow as electric current.
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| 27. | Most materials that conduct heat well have a valence band of free electrons which serve to transfer the heat.
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| 28. | The ionizing radiation produces electron-hole pairs : Electrons are in the conduction band and holes in the valence band.
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| 29. | This allows for free energy carriers in the conduction and valence bands thereby allowing greater conversion of photons to electrons.
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| 30. | Luminescence in a semiconductor results when an electron in the conduction band recombines with a hole in the valence band.
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