The "'Venezuelan red howler "'( " Alouatta seniculus " ) is a South American species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, found in the western Amazon Basin in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil . and more recently, splitting off the population in northeastern South America and Trinidad as the Guyanan red howler has occurred.
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Primates found in the reserve include the mottle-faced tamarin ( Saguinus inustus ), squirrel monkey ( Saimiri sciureus ), tufted capuchin ( Sapajus apella ), white-fronted capuchin ( Cebus albifrons ), collared titi ( Callicebus torquatus ), Venezuelan red howler ( Alouatta seniculus ), golden-backed uakari ( Cacajao melanocephalus ) and Spix's night monkey ( Aotus vociferans ).
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Other protected species include the northern brown howler ( Alouatta guariba guariba ), Atlantic titi ( Callicebus personatus ), giant armadillo ( Priodontes maximus ), giant otter ( Pteronura brasiliensis ), cougar ( Puma concolor ), jaguar ( Panthera onca ), oncilla ( Leopardus tigrinus ), ocelot ( Leopardus pardalis ), the ant Dinoponera lucida, Hercules beetle ( Dynastes hercules ) and the Characiformes fish Rachoviscus graciliceps.
Fauna include white-lipped peccary ( Tayassu pecari ), red brocket ( Mazama americana ), South American tapir ( Tapirus terrestris ), red-handed howler ( Alouatta belzebul ), Parrot species, Amazonian manatee ( Trichechus inunguis ), jaguar ( Panthera onca ), black caiman ( Melanosuchus niger ), Alagoas curassow ( Mitu mitu ), Piping guan ( Pipile nateri ), Crypturellus species and fish such as Arapaima gigas, tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum ) and silver arowana ( Osteoglossum bicirrhosum ).
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Using karyotypes, Defler has done work clarifying the taxonomy of various species of night monkey ( " Colombian Amazon on the white-fronted capuchin ( " Cebus albifrons " ), the brown woolly monkey ( " Lagothrix lagothricha " ), the black-headed uakari ( " Cacajao melanocephalus " ), the black titi ( " Callicebus lugens " ), the Lucifer titi ( " Callicebus lucifer " ), and the Venezuelan red howler ( " Alouatta seniculus " ) and has accomplished many primate censuses in different parts of eastern Colombia.