He believes that construing the Design Argument as an " inference to the best explanation " rather than as analogical reasoning is essentially an equivocation fallacy that does not rescue the argument from the criticisms advanced by David Hume in Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion ( 1779 ).
32.
To reduce the divergence, ash-Shafi'i proposed giving priority to the Qur'an and the Hadith ( the practice of Muhammad ) and only then look at the consensus of the Muslim jurists ( " ijma " ) and analogical reasoning ( " qiyas " ) . dedicating their lives to the collection of the correct Hadith, in books like Sahih al-Bukhari.
33.
The sources from which Abu Hanifa derived Islamic law, in order of importance and preference, are : the Qur'an, the authentic narrations of the Muslim prophet Muhammad ( known as hadith ), consensus of the Muslim community ( ijma ), analogical reasoning ( qiyas ), juristic discretion ( istihsan ) and the customs of the local population enacting said law ( urf ).
