Belzu's effort succeeded in one sense because he fended off forty-two coup attempts during his rule . " Tata " Belzu, as he was called by the Indians ( like the head of the " ayllu " in pre-Columbian times ), has been seen as the precursor of Andean populism.
32.
Such expeditions are crucially important source of foodstuffs, and are refracted within the collective ritual sphere in an inverse type of caravan trade ( carrying foodstuffs to the ayllu-and moiety level " ladder " of the town for the fiesta, and returning empty-handed to the hamlet ) through which the status of jach'ajiliri is achieved.
33.
Escaping largely by the assistance of Churki, an Incan dragon who has adopted Hammond into her ayllu, the British party travel to Bel�m and from there to Rio de Janeiro, only to find it already occupied by the Tswana, led particularly by Kefentse, the dragon responsible for Laurence's captivity during the events of " Empire of Ivory ".
34.
In marriages, the woman would generally join the class and ayllu of her partner as would her children, but would mink'a ", communal work for common purposes, " ayni ", or work in kind for other members of the ayllu, and " mit'a, " a form of taxation levied by the Inca government.
35.
In marriages, the woman would generally join the class and ayllu of her partner as would her children, but would mink'a ", communal work for common purposes, " ayni ", or work in kind for other members of the ayllu, and " mit'a, " a form of taxation levied by the Inca government.
36.
Secondly, he is known as the patriline's or ayllu's awatiri ( herder ), in which capacity the group which recognizes his authority becomes his rama ( herd ) . [ . . . ] Upon his death, the sullk'iri may inherit the house and herd, but it is to the eldest son, not the youngest, that the status of kamachiri falls.
37.
In the case of " mink'a ", people work together for projects of common interest ( such as the construction of communal facilities ) . " Ayni " is, in contrast, reciprocal assistance, whereby members of an " ayllu " help a family to accomplish a large private project, for example house construction, and in turn can expect to be similarly helped later with a project of their own.
38.
The conical clan was also the form of social organization among many peoples in Pre-Columbian America, like the Aztecs ( calpulli ), the Inka ( in fact this anthropological concept was created by Kirchoff to describe the form of Inka social organization, the ayllu; see also Isabel Yaya's description of the Inca ayllu in her work " The Two Faces of Inca History : Dualism in the Narratives and Cosmology of Ancient Cuzco " ) or the lowland tribes of Central and South America described by Kalervo Oberg.
39.
The conical clan was also the form of social organization among many peoples in Pre-Columbian America, like the Aztecs ( calpulli ), the Inka ( in fact this anthropological concept was created by Kirchoff to describe the form of Inka social organization, the ayllu; see also Isabel Yaya's description of the Inca ayllu in her work " The Two Faces of Inca History : Dualism in the Narratives and Cosmology of Ancient Cuzco " ) or the lowland tribes of Central and South America described by Kalervo Oberg.
40.
Thomas Allan Abercrombie discusses the ayllu extensively as it exists today among the Aymara people in " THE POLITICS OF SACRIFICE : AN AYMARA COSMOLOGY IN ACTION " : " The ranking of ayllus is ( and was ? ) performed in an idiom derived from what is [ . . . ] a central and divisive cleavage in the nature of the domestic group, birth order among siblings, who are contrasted not only by age but by their differing rights to leadership roles, fiesta-cargo offices, and property . [ . . . ] Patrilines are not mere aggregates of patronym possessing men and their families, juxtaposed only because of rights in land.
