A common feature of a vertebrate blastula is that it consists of a layer of blastomeres, known as the blastoderm, which surrounds the blastocoele.
32.
This contrasts with the situation in some other animals, such as mammals, in which each blastomere can develop into any part of the organism.
33.
During the cleavage stage, embryo evaluation is performed daily on the basis of the number, size, cell-shape and fragmentation rate of the blastomeres.
34.
Tong and his colleagues used Nile Blue stain to color amphioxus embryos and to track the blastomeres in different stages of development up to 32-cell-embryos.
35.
His next achievement was, reported in 1961, birth of first chimaeric mice produced experimentally by injecting blastomeres from one embryo to genetically different embryo ( Tarkowski, 1961; Nature ).
36.
Amphibian EP-cadherin and XB / U cadherin perform a similar role as E-cadherin in mammals establishing blastomere polarity and solidifying cell-cell interactions which are crucial for further development.
37.
In 1892 Hans Driesch performed similar experiments on sea urchin embryos, but instead of killing one of the two blastomeres he put many embryos in a tube and shook it to separate the cells.
38.
Not all methods of opening the zona pellucida have the same success rate because the well-being of the embryo and / or blastomere may be impacted by the procedure used for the biopsy.
39.
Tong published his findings in the 1934 article " Research on the Potentials of Blastomeres in Ascidiella Scabra . " Tong obtained his doctoral degree in biology from the Universite Libre de Bruxelles in 1934.
40.
In equally cleaving spiral embryos, the D quadrant is not specified until after the formation of the third quartet, when contact with the micromeres dictates one cell to become the future D blastomere.
