In the past, counting the cells in a patient's blood was performed manually, by viewing a slide prepared with a sample of the patient's blood ( a blood film, or peripheral smear ) under a microscope.
32.
Blood film examination may reveal basophilic stippling of red blood cells ( dots in red blood cells visible through a microscope ), as well as the changes normally associated with iron-deficiency anemia ( microcytosis and hypochromasia ).
33.
With appropriate laboratory equipment, "'microscopic examination "'of differential morphological features of microfilariae in stained blood films can aid diagnosis in particular the examination of the tail portion, the presence of a sheath, and the size of the cephalic space.
34.
A "'blood film "' or "'peripheral blood smear "' is a thin layer of blood smeared on a glass microscope slide and then stained in such a way as to allow the various blood cells to be examined microscopically.
35.
Some laboratories mistakenly use the same staining pH as they do for routine haematology blood films ( pH 6.8 ) : malaria blood films must be stained at pH 7.2, or Sch�ffner's dots and James's dots will not be seen.
36.
Commercially available RDTs are often more accurate than blood films at predicting the presence of malaria parasites, but they are widely variable in diagnostic sensitivity and specificity depending on manufacturer, and are unable to tell how many parasites are present.
37.
Some laboratories mistakenly use the same staining pH as they do for routine haematology blood films ( pH 6.8 ) : malaria blood films must be stained at pH 7.2, or Sch�ffner's dots and James's dots will not be seen.
38.
Even though agents for staining tissues and cells were available, almost no advances were made in knowledge about the morphology of blood cells until 1879, when Paul Ehrlich published his technique for staining blood films and his method for differential blood cell counting
39.
They are seen on blood films in, among others abetalipoproteinemia, liver disease, chorea acanthocytosis, McLeod syndrome, and several inherited neurological and other disorders, such as neuroacanthocytosis, anorexia nervosa, infantile pyknocytosis, hypothyroidism, idiopathic neonatal hepatitis, alcoholism, congestive splenomegaly, Zieve syndrome, and chronic granulomatous disease.
40.
LDH or an antigen sensitive to all " plasmodium " species which affect humans e . g . pLDH . It should be noted that such tests do not have a sensitivity of 100 % and where possible, microscopic examination of blood films should also be performed.
