Hydrogels can be classified according their polymers constituents, which can be natural ( Hyaluronan, alginic acid, pectin,, chondroitin sulfate, dextran and dextran sulphate, chitosan, polylysine, collagen, carboxymethyl chitin, fibrin, agarose, pullulan ), or synthetic ( PVA, PNVP, P ( HEMA ), p ( biscarboxy-phenoxy-phosphazene ), p ( GEMA-sulfate ), and others ), or a hybrid of the two.
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Synonyms, derivatives, and specific enzymes associated with the name " cellulase " include endo-1, 4-beta-D-glucanase ( beta-1, 4-glucanase, beta-1, 4-endoglucan hydrolase, endoglucanase D, 1, 4-( 1, 3, 1, 4 )-beta-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase ), carboxymethyl cellulase ( CMCase ), avicelase, celludextrinase, cellulase A, cellulosin AP, alkali cellulase, cellulase A 3, 9.5 cellulase, and pancellase SS . Enzymes that cleave lignin are occasionally called cellulases, but this is usually considered erroneous.
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"' 3-Deoxyglucosone "'( "'3DG "') is a dicarbonyl sugar that is synthesized through the Maillard reaction, and is metabolized to 3-deoxyfructose and 2-keto-3-deoxygluconic acid . 3DG is a precursor for the formation of advanced glycation end-products ( AGEs ) : 3DG rapidly reacts with protein amino groups to form AGEs such as imidazolone, pyrraline, N 6-( carboxymethyl ) lysine, and pentosidine . 3DG as well as AGEs play a role in the modification and cross-linking of long-lived proteins such as crystallin and collagen, contributing to diseases such as the vascular complications of diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, and aging.
