The Hemopump Cardiac Assist System is an older design intra-arterial, axial-flow pump circulatory assist device concept that offers temporary left ventricular support to patients in refractory cardiogenic shock without requiring major surgery for insertion.
32.
If despite thrombolysis there is significant cardiogenic shock, continued severe chest pain, or less than a 50 % improvement in ST elevation on the ECG recording after 90 minutes, then rescue PCI is indicated emergently.
33.
Decreased cardiac output despite normal blood volume, due to severe congestive heart failure, large myocardial infarction, heart valve problems, or extremely low heart rate ( bradycardia ), often produces hypotension and can rapidly progress to cardiogenic shock.
34.
Although deaths from heart attacks have dropped sharply with improved medical care, there continues to be a 60 to 80 percent death rate among heart attack patients who develop cardiogenic shock, when blood pressure drops and the heart beats weakly.
35.
The conclusion of the authors, led by Dr . Judith S . Hochman of St . Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center in New York, is that emergency surgery to open blood vessels " should be strongly considered " for patients who develop cardiogenic shock.
36.
From 1995 to 2004, the percentage of people with cardiogenic shock treated with primary PCI rose from 27.4 % to 54.4 %, while the increase in coronary artery bypass graft surgery ( CABG ) was only from 2.1 % to 3.2 %.
37.
In a wilderness context where counseling, psychotherapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy is unlikely to be available, the treatment for acute stress reaction is very similar for the treatment of cardiogenic shock, vascular shock, and hypovolemic shock; that is, allowing the patient to lie down, providing reassurance, and removing the stimulus for the occurrence of the reaction.
38.
While the data on performing interventions on individuals with cardiogenic shock is sparse, trial data suggests a long-term mortality benefit in undergoing revascularization if the individual is less than 75 years old and if the onset of the acute myocardial infarction is less than 36 hours and the onset of cardiogenic shock is less than 18 hours.
39.
While the data on performing interventions on individuals with cardiogenic shock is sparse, trial data suggests a long-term mortality benefit in undergoing revascularization if the individual is less than 75 years old and if the onset of the acute myocardial infarction is less than 36 hours and the onset of cardiogenic shock is less than 18 hours.
40.
The mortality rate for those still living at time of admission who suffer complications ( among others, cardiac arrest or further abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure, cardiac tamponade, a ruptured or dissecting aneurysm, or another heart attack ) from cardiogenic shock is even worse around 85 %, especially without drastic measures such as ventricular assist devices or transplantation.
