Researchers have found that distinct populations of " M . douglasii " appear to have different environmental response thresholds for when they begin producing more cleistogamous versus open flowers.
32.
The more common opposite of cleistogamy, or " closed marriage, " is called chasmogamy, or " open marriage . " Virtually all plants that produce cleistogamous flowers also produce chasmogamous ones.
33.
Its flowers are also much smaller, lack the spirally coiled anthers of " Cochliostema ", and are usually cleistogamous ( i . e ., they usually never open ).
34.
Exceptional taxa include " Dichorisandra ", characterized by the unusual combination of a vining habit, poricidal anthers, and arillate seeds . " Cochliostema " is atypical in having an cleistogamous.
35.
Notable examples include sticky bands on the stems between the nodes, cleistogamous flowers ( which self-pollinate without opening ), or gypsophily, the ability to grow on soils with a high concentration of gypsum.
36.
Certain plants in particular seasons might produce closed, self-pollinating ( " cleistogamous " ) flowers; but the same plant or species might produce open, insect-pollinated flowers elsewhere or at a different time of year, and with no obvious pattern.
37.
This efficiency makes cleistogamy particularly useful for seed production on unfavorable sites or adverse conditions . " Impatiens capensis, " for example, has been observed to produce only cleistogamous flowers after being severely damaged by grazing and to maintain populations on unfavorable sites with only cleistogamous flowers.
38.
This efficiency makes cleistogamy particularly useful for seed production on unfavorable sites or adverse conditions . " Impatiens capensis, " for example, has been observed to produce only cleistogamous flowers after being severely damaged by grazing and to maintain populations on unfavorable sites with only cleistogamous flowers.
