| 31. | A cofferdam was constructed for excavation of the tailrace and spillway channel, and subsequently removed.
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| 32. | Cofferdams are usually employed to ensure oil or other chemicals do not leak into machinery spaces.
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| 33. | A cofferdam was placed around each pier site, before excavating and then filling with concrete.
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| 34. | Consequently, a cofferdam was constructed, behind which of rock and of soil were excavated.
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| 35. | A watertight internal cofferdam, filled with cellulose, was mostly unprotected by the side armor.
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| 36. | Once the caissons were filled, water would begin to be drained from inside the cofferdam.
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| 37. | A further 160 temporary anchor piles and ties were installed to provide restraint for the cofferdam wall.
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| 38. | Tankers generally have cofferdams forward and aft of the cargo tanks, and sometimes between individual tanks.
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| 39. | The cofferdam was pumped out to expose the bedrock, upon which the masonry courses were laid.
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| 40. | So the owners dug a slip for a barge and protected it from the river with a cofferdam.
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