However, this method of measuring cranial capacity must be validated in each species to know whether it is an accurate representation of the braincase.
32.
Mackintosh argues that the cranial capacity of early Homo sapiens, 100, 000 or more years ago, was rather greater than that of modern Europeans.
33.
He explained the apparent stability of the human stock by pointing to the vast gap in cranial capacities between humans and the great apes.
34.
Many paleoneurologists measure cranial capacity via the submersion method, in which displacement of water in a beaker is taken as the volume of the endocast.
35.
In the 1870s, the eminent social psychologist Gustav Le Bon ( 1841-1931 ) invented a cephalometer which allowed the measurement of cranial capacity and variation.
36.
The study also indicated that the individual was relatively small ( ) and stocky, but had a extremely large cranial capacity ( 1670 cm 3 ).
37.
Dr . Leslie Aiello, an anthropologist at University College, London, said any downward revisions would make the Australopithecines seem more ape-like in terms of cranial capacity.
38.
In an attempt to use cranial capacity as an objective indicator of brain size, the encephalization quotient ( EQ ) was developed in 1973 by Harry Jerison.
39.
Individual variability is also important when considering cranial capacity, for example the average Neanderthal cranial capacity for females was 1300 cm 3 and 1600 cm 3 for males
40.
Cranial Capacity is often tested by filling the cranial cavity with particulate material ( as mustard seed or small shot ) and measuring the volume of the latter.
