There " are " jellyfish without tentacles that " do " look rather like grapes, but they are the comb jellies or Ctenophora, also called sea gooseberries, which do " not " have nematocysts and are not venomous.
32.
Various studies in this regard so far yield differing results for identifying the exact sister group : in one case the Placozoa would qualify as the nearest relatives of the Cnidaria, while in another they would be a sister group to the Ctenophora, and occasionally they are placed directly next to the Bilateria:
33.
In the animal kingdom, Cnidaria ( primitive sea creatures including jellyfish, sea anemones and coral ) have no brains at all, neither do other related phylla of sea creatures like Ctenophora and the Sponges .-- 32 " "'12 : 23, 5 April 2013 ( UTC)
34.
Modern biology confirms Huxley's criticism of De Blainville's Actinozoa, and upholds Hydrozoa, but it is now known that the Ctenophora are only distantly related to jellyfish and their relatives, so Huxley's Actinozoa and Coelentera are no longer used ( though the name Actinozoa is occasionally applied to the Anthozoa ).
35.
I think it's odd that I can't get any Google hits on " vinae cnidaria " or " vinae ctenophora " or " vinae coelenterata . " " Most deadly jellyfish in the world " is so notable that you'd think I'd have vaguely heard of it and you'd certainly think the scientific name for it would Google.
36.
Complicating the issue is the 1997 work of Lynn Margulis ( revising an earlier model by Thomas Cavalier-Smith ) that placed the Cnidaria and Ctenophora alone in the branch Radiata within Eumetazoa . ( The latter refers to all the animals except the sponges, Trichoplax, and the still poorly understood Mesozoa . ) Neither grouping is accepted universally; however, both are commonly encountered in taxonomic literature.
37.
Many other phyla are found there : Porifera ( sponges ) and Priapulida ( burrowing worms which were ambush predators ), Brachiopoda ( these had bivalve-like shells, but fed by means of a lophophore, a fan-like filter which occupied about of half of the internal space ), Chaetognatha ( arrow worms ), Cnidaria, Ctenophora ( comb jellies ), Echinodermata, Hyolitha ( Lophophorata with small conical shells ), Nematomorpha, Phoronida ( horseshoe worms ), and Protista.
38.
Volume I ( Protozoa through Ctenophora ) of " The Invertebrates ", published in February 1940, was acknowledged as " comprehensive " and " authoritative, " with " illustrations designed for clarity and simplicity . " Volume 2 ( Platyhelminthes and Rhynchocoela ) and Volume 3 ( Acanthocephala, Aschelminthes, and Entoprocta ), both published in 1951, were followed by Volume 4 ( Echinodermata ) in 1955, Volume 5 ( Smaller Coelomate Groups ) in 1959, and Volume 6 ( Mollusca I ) in 1967.
39.
The tentilla of " Euplokamis " differ significantly from those of other cydippids : they contain striated muscle, a cell type otherwise unknown in the phylum Ctenophora; and they are coiled when relaxed, while the tentilla of all other known ctenophores elongate when relaxed . " Euplokamis "'tentilla have three types of movement that are used in capturing prey : they may flick out very quickly ( in 40 to 60 milliseconds ); they can wriggle, which may lure prey by behaving like small planktonic worms; and they coil round prey.
40.
He studied water polyps of the Adriatic Sea ( " Rad JAZU ", 1898; " Glasnik Hrvatskog naravoslovnog druatva ", 1903; " Zoologischer Anzeiger ", Leipzig 1911, 1912, 1914; " Glasnik Hrvatskog prirodoslovnog druatva ", 1921 ), planktonic Coelenterata of scyphozoa and ctenophora ( " Rad JAZU ", 1913 ), and also wrote several papers on sponges in the Adriatic, discovering several new species ( " Glasnik Hrvatskog prirodoslovnog druatva ", 1921; " Zoologische Jahrb�cher ", " Abt . f�r Systematik, �kologie und Geographie der Tiere ", Jena 1923 ).
