| 31. | Once the heptapeptide backbone has been formed, the cyclization of the linear structure is begun.
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| 32. | Short Synthesis of Skeletally and Stereochemically Diverse Small Molecules by Coupling Petasis Condensation Reactions to Cyclization Reactions
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| 33. | This forms the reactive intermediate number 2 species, the 3-exo-trig cyclization.
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| 34. | The iminium specis created by cyclization is then reduced to the tertiary amine, yielding agroclavine.
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| 35. | Cycloheptanone is still produced by the cyclization and decarboxylation of suberic acid or suberic acid esters.
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| 36. | The conditions under which these cyclization reactions occur follow Baldwin's rules for ring closure.
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| 37. | Its binding pocket also properly orients the iminium intermediate during cyclization to disastereoselectively produce its alkaloid products.
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| 38. | In this process, benzaldehyde and methyl isocyanoacetate undergo cyclization in the presence of a aldol reaction.
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| 39. | This allows for the Bergman cyclization to occur at 37 �C, the biological temperature of humans.
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| 40. | Butelase 1 is the fastest peptide ligase known capable of catalyzing peptide cyclization at an extraordinary efficiency.
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