The use of a maximum dose of ACE inhibitors in such patients ( including for prevention of diabetic nephropathy, congestive heart failure, and prophylaxis of cardiovascular events ) is justified, because it improves clinical outcomes independently of the blood pressure-lowering effect of ACE inhibitors.
32.
This gene has also been linked to diabetic nephropathy, the incidence of coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, inflammatory disease behavior, primary sclerosing cholangitis, susceptibility to idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and a reduced incidence of " Plasmodium falciparum " malaria.
33.
A review of the UKPDS, ACCORD ( Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes ), ADVANCE and VADT ( Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trials ) estimated that the risks of the main complications of diabetes ( diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and macrovascular disease ) decreased by approximately 3 % for every 1 mmol / mol decrease in HbA 1c.
34.
Subathra, M ., M . Korrapati, L . A . Howell, J . M . Arthur, J . A . Shayman, R . G . Schnellmann and L . J . Siskind ( 2015 ) . " Kidney glycosphingolipids are elevated early in diabetic nephropathy and mediate hypertrophy of mesangial cells . " Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 309 ( 3 ) : F204-215.
35.
Schnellmann's interest in drug discovery fueled collaborations to develop drugs to treat acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, and neurodegenerative diseases through the establishment or co-founding of three MUSC spinout biotechnology companies : Schnellgen, Inc ., MitoHealth, Inc ., and MitoChem, Inc . These companies not only are engaged in drug discovery and development, but also re-purposing existing drugs for much needed therapies.
