In a flow distribution network that progresses from a large tube to many small tubes ( e . g . a blood vessel network ), the frequency, density, and dynamic viscosity are ( usually ) the same throughout the network, but the tube radii change.
32.
For single winter grade oils, the dynamic viscosity is measured at different cold temperatures, specified in J300 depending on the viscosity grade, in units of mPa�s, or the equivalent older non-SI units, centipoise ( abbreviated cP ), using two different test methods.
33.
Also, Awad and Lage : obtained a modified form of the Bejan number, originally proposed by Bhattacharjee and Grosshandler for momentum processes, by replacing the dynamic viscosity appearing in the original proposition with the equivalent product of the fluid density and the momentum diffusivity of the fluid.
34.
Where \ scriptstyle \ mathbf { u } is the velocity of the fluid, \ scriptstyle \ boldsymbol { \ nabla } p is the gradient of the pressure, \ scriptstyle \ mu is the dynamic viscosity, and \ scriptstyle \ mathbf { f } an applied body force.
35.
The fundamental aspect is that for a Newtonian fluid the dynamic viscosity is independent on flow velocity ( i . e ., the shear stress constituive law is " linear " ), while non-Newtonian flows this is not true, and one should allow for the modification:
36.
Where U _ p is a characteristic particle velocity, D is the grain diameter ( a characteristic particle size ), and \ nu is the kinematic viscosity, which is given by the dynamic viscosity, \ mu, divided by the fluid density, { \ rho _ f }.
37.
Where V p and Q are the volume of the permeate and its volumetric flow rate respectively ( proportional to same characteristics of the feed flow ), ? is dynamic viscosity of permeating fluid, A is membrane area, R m and R are the respective resistances of membrane and growing deposit of the foulants.
38.
For oils with EP ('extreme pressure') additives, the lifespan is proportional to the square root of dynamic viscosity, just as it was for too high viscosity, while for ordinary oil's lifespan is proportional to the square of the viscosity if a lower-than-recommended viscosity is used.
39.
Observing the equation above it is clear to see that while the Reynolds numbers must be equal for the scale model and the prototype, this can be accomplished in many different ways, for example, in this problem by altering the scale of the dynamic viscosity of the model to work with the scale of the length.
40.
Chan, Gray and Titze, quantified the effect of HA on both the viscosity and the elasticity of vocal folds ( VF ) by comparing the properties of tissues with and without HA . The results showed that removal of HA decreased the stiffness of VF by an average of 35 %, but increased their dynamic viscosity by an average of 70 % at frequencies higher than 1 Hz.
