Coudenhove-Kalergi proposed Beethoven's " Ode to Joy " as the Anthem of Europe in 1929, However, his Pan-Europeanism earned vivid loathing from Adolf Hitler, who excoriated its pacifism and mechanical economism and belittled its founder as " a bastard . " Hitler's view of Coudenhove-Kalergi was that the " rootless, cosmopolitan, and elitist half-breed " was going to repeat the historical mistakes of Coudenhove ancestors who had served the House of Habsburg.
