If atoms are brought too close together, there is an associated cost in energy due to overlapping electron clouds ( Pauli or Exchange interaction, or reactivity.
32.
For bosons, the exchange interaction takes the form of an effective attraction that causes identical particles to be found closer together, as in Bose Einstein condensation.
33.
This happens if the relative gain in exchange interaction ( the interaction of electrons via the Pauli exclusion principle ) is larger than the loss in kinetic energy.
34.
The exchange interaction between localized spins favored a parallel ( in ferromagnets ) or an anti-parallel ( in anti-ferromagnets ) state of neighboring magnetic moments
35.
One of the simplest systems to exhibit the result of exchange interactions is crystalline copper ( II ) acetate, Cu 2 ( OAc ) 4 ( H 2 O ) 2.
36.
To illustrate the concept of exchange interaction, any two electrons, for example, in the universe are considered spin behave as fermions and all particles with integer spin behave as bosons.
37.
According to the Bank for International Settlements ( BIS ), the balance of Iran s foreign exchange interactions in foreign banks and financial institutes during Q3 2008 stood above $ 24.3 billion.
38.
Fluctuations are also affected by the exchange interaction as parallel facing magnetic moments are favoured and therefore have less disturbance and disorder, therefore a tighter structure influences a stronger magnetism and therefore a higher Curie temperature.
39.
The exchange interaction favours the aligned parallel magnetic moments due to electrons being unable to occupy the same space in time and as this is increased due to the volume decreasing the Curie temperature increases with pressure.
40.
Although these " consequences " of the exchange interaction are magnetic in nature, the " cause " is not; it is due primarily to electric repulsion and the Pauli exclusion principle.
